In early 2026, the world watched closely as new cases of the deadly Nipah virus were identified in India—prompting heightened surveillance, cross-border screening, and renewed international attention to this high-fatality pathogen. While Africa has not yet experienced a major Nipah outbreak, the lessons emerging from Asia’s experience are highly relevant to the continent’s ongoing efforts to prepare for and respond to infectious disease threats. ( Reuters ) What Is Nipah Virus and Why It Matters Nipah virus is a zoonotic virus —originating in animals but capable of infecting humans—that can cause severe respiratory and neurological disease, including brain inflammation (encephalitis). It is primarily transmitted from fruit bats (natural hosts) to humans, often through contaminated food or close contact with infected animals or people. Human-to-human transmission has been documented in healthcare and household settings. ( World Health Organization ) The virus’s case fatality rate ran...