High blood pressure (hypertension) is often called the *“silent killer”* because it may show no symptoms until serious damage occurs. Long-term uncontrolled hypertension can lead to **stroke, heart attack, heart failure, kidney failure, or sudden cardiac death**. ๐ซ Major Underlying Health Conditions 1️⃣ Heart & Blood Vessel Conditions * Coronary artery disease (CAD) → heart attack * Stroke (ischemic or hemorrhagic) * **Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH)** – thickened heart muscle * Aortic aneurysm or dissection 2️⃣ Hormonal & Metabolic Disorders * Chronic kidney disease * Pheochromocytoma (rare adrenal tumor) * Hyperthyroidism * Cushing’s syndrome * Obstructive sleep apnea * Diabetes & insulin resistance These conditions either increase vascular resistance, fluid retention, or stress hormone levels — all raising BP. ๐จ Quick Symptoms of Dangerous High BP Most high BP has no symptoms, but hypertensive crisis may cause: * Severe headache * Chest pain * Short...
1. Understanding Addiction Addiction is a chronic condition where a person becomes dependent on a substance (such as alcohol, heroin, or cocaine) or a behavior (such as gambling). It affects the brain’s reward system, leading to compulsive use despite harmful consequences. In the UK, common substance addictions include: * Alcohol * Heroin and other opioids * Crack cocaine * Prescription medications * Cannabis Addiction is not simply a lack of willpower. It is strongly linked to mental health conditions, trauma, poverty, and social exclusion. Organizations like NHS recognize addiction as a medical condition that requires treatment and support rather than punishment. 2. Withdrawal: What Happens When Someone Stops Using? Withdrawal occurs when a person reduces or stops using a substance they are dependent on. The body reacts because it has become used to the substance. Common Withdrawal Symptoms Physical symptoms: * Sweating * Shaking * Nausea and vomiting * Headaches * Muscle pain *...